I was flipping through Matthew, narrow-mindedly looking only for passages of scripture where Jesus encounters women, when I found this bit on divorce, which I think further emphasized Jesus’ view that women should be treated as people and not possessions.
In Matthew 19:1-9, Pharisees come to Jesus to try to trick him, their favorite past time in the Gospels. They ask him about divorce. “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason” is the question according to the NIV. I thought it was interesting that they only say a man divorces a woman. Today, women and men divorce each other. They have equal rights under the law. In Deuteronomy 24, the Jewish law outlines the grounds for divorce and never mentions that a woman has the power to divorce her husband so I’m going to go out on a limb here and assume that a woman’s right to divorce was little to none in the culture of Jesus’ day. A woman’s only worth in this time was her father’s social standing if she was still single, her husband’s social standing if she was married, and her own purity before and after marriage. If a woman was divorced or widowed she had nothing–no possessions, honor, or rights.
The Pharisees asked if a man could divorce a woman for any and every reason. To me, this implies that men could in that day kick their wife to the curb with nothing whenever they were bored or displeased with her. She wasn’t a person, just another thing a man owned. Jesus comes back at the Pharisees’ question with the answer that only on the grounds of adultery can a man divorce his wife. This is Jesus’ way of protecting women of his day from a world and culture very unfeeling towards women. It reminds me of the Old Testament laws regarding rape.
In the times of the Old Testament and surrouding cultures, if a woman was raped she was no longer worth anything to a potential suitor, and she had disgraced her father’s house. If she wasn’t killed for the horrible crime inflicted upon her, she lived a life of shame and poverty. However, according to the laws of Moses, if a woman was raped who was not engaged to be married, the rapist must marry her and provide for her a home and never divorce her. While this might not be the best situation according to today’s standards, this fate was much better than those experienced by women outside the Jewish culture of that time. With this law, God was offering women protection just as Jesus does in the New Testament with his answer regarding divorce.
Much love–Char